A Response to the Great Depression Essay -- essays papers

A Response to the Great Depression The Great Depression of the 1930s was the financial occasion of the twentieth century. The Great Depression started in 1929 when the whole world endured a colossal drop in yield and an exceptional ascent in joblessness. World financial yield kept on declining until 1932 when it rung base at half of its 1929 level. Joblessness took off, in the United States it crested at 24.9% in 1933. Genuine financial yield (genuine GDP) fell by 29% from 1929 to 1933 and the US securities exchange lost 89.5% of its worth. Another uncommon part of the Great Depression was flattening. Costs fell 25%, 30%, 30%, and 40% in the UK, Germany, the US, and France separately from 1929 to 1933. These were the four biggest economies on the planet around then. In the United States the Great Depression delivered numerous issues. There was both a physical and mental effect on the whole country. Many dreaded losing their positions and the high pace of joblessness cause a lot of nervousness. Individuals were getting discouraged and the quantities of endeavored or potentially dedicated suicides were expanding. The effect on the countries wellbeing was likewise an issue. A huge number of individuals were going hungry, making individuals develop their own food and eat wild berries and different plants. Kids were experiencing horrible eating routines and insufficient clinical consideration, which lead to numerous other medical issues. Everyday environments changed when numerous families started jamming into little houses and lofts in at...

Emotions Paper Essay

Feelings are close to home encounters that are hard wired into each and every individual on the planet. However, by one way or another individuals appear to have little power over them. In the wake of concentrating all the various types of feelings individuals can feel, I did a multi day stock of the feelings I encountered. In this paper, I will talk about how hard or simple it is to recognize feelings and the strategies I used to distinguish my feelings. I will break down the sorts of feelings I felt and whether they were essential or optional. Is it accurate to say that they were the run of the mill feelings I experience each day? Do I yield to any enthusiastic paradoxes? How uninhibitedly I express my feelings and what I have gained from doing this activity. During the multi day stock, I in some cases made some hard memories recognizing the feeling I was feeling. I frequently needed to allude back to the rundown of various feelings. While I took a gander at the rundown of feelings, I attempted to consider what I was feeling physiologically during that time. I inspected my activities nonverbally and afterward subjectively I put a name on the feeling. For instance, on the main day of my stock I got woken up before eight toward the beginning of the day by dubious clamors originating from my restroom. At the point when I made the way for the restroom, I discovered both of my children snickering and sprinkling in the latrine utilizing a can brush. The primary feeling I understood I felt at the time was irritation that someone woke me up so early. I perceived that because of intellectual understanding. The second feeling I felt subsequent to making the way for the restroom was outrage at my children for playing in my washroom despite the fact that they know better. I subjectively new it was outrage in light of the fact that nonverbally I raised my voice, physiologically my pulse and breathing expanded, and after I reb uffed them I understood my hands were shaking. Those signs persuaded that I was irritated and irate. Inside three days I encountered eleven unique feelings. Five of those feelings were essential and six of the feelings were optional. Assurance, one of the optional feelings I encountered was facilitative, in light of the fact that being resolved made me need to invest more energy to complete the undertaking I was doing. For instance, when I was attempting to do schoolwork with my children I was resolved to complete it, so I propped up until it was finished. Dread and outrage were two feelings I encountered that are debilitative in light of the fact that I made some hard memories controlling my sound conduct. For instance, I encountered dread in light of the fact that a tremendous pooch was free at the recreation center. For brief I just solidified and gazed at it,â not doing anything until my child saw it and began shouting. That got me to begin reconsidering and we left the recreation center. The feeling of dread got debilitative for me in light of the fact that the canine was free with no proprietor. On the off chance that the canine was free yet had someone with him my feeling of dread wouldn’t have been as extraordinary. Shockingly the feelings I encountered in the three days were generally extraordinary. Out of the eleven feelings I encountered, just three were mellow. For instance, on the very first moment I felt glad about taking the children to grandpa’s house, however I wasn’t so energized that I was bouncing all over. It was a gentle joy. A case of my exceptional feeling is the point at which I blew up. On the very first moment at night of the very beginning my children would not listen when advised on various occasions to get their toys. It arrived at the point that I raised my voice at them and my hands began shaking. At that point I needed to call my significant other to mediate in light of the fact that I required time to quiet down. The feelings I encountered during the stock were for the most part regular. Nonetheless, there were two or three feelings that I don’t experience frequently. One of the feelings I don’t for the most part experience is being depleted. Normally, I don’t feel depleted, particularly toward the evening. In the wake of looking at why I felt that way I understood it’s in light of the fact that I was beginning to become ill. The following day, I felt another feeling I normally don’t feel or experience frequently. I was attempting to do schoolwork and I felt hopeless on the grounds that I was feelings of queasiness and I had a fever. Normally, when I do schoolwork I feel persuaded or energized that I am nearly done. That equivalent day at night I felt powerless which is additionally strange for me. I felt that way since I had a huge amount of stuff I expected to do and I couldn’t do any of it. My ordinary feelings during the day are glad, bothered, ir ritated, pleased, adored, decided, terrified, and energized. Contemplating the subject of feelings and doing this stock caused me to acknowledge I have a few false notions I will in general fall into consistently. The principal error that concerns me is â€Å"fallacy of approval.† For instance, when I head off to some place with my children or spouse and I need to pick what I am going to wear. I understood that a ton of the time it takes me as long as an hour to choose in light of the fact that I need individuals to affirm of what I am wearing. The other misrepresentation that concerns me is â€Å"fallacy of causation.† For instance, when my children are playing the commotion they make now and then disturbs me, since I need it to hush up in the house. Along these lines, I state to them â€Å"you folks are bothering me,† insteadâ of assuming liability and saying â€Å"I am getting aggravated with the boisterous noise.† As I would like to think I don’t express my feelings unreservedly. Nobody has ever disclosed to me that I am anything but difficult to peruse or that my feelings appear all over. When in open I just show feelings that are suitable. On the off chance that I am angry at the individual or annoyed with somebody I will in general conceal my feeling until I feel good letting them know. Most uninhibitedly I express my feelings at home, on the grounds that that’s where I feel generally great. The least uninhibitedly where I express my feelings are out in the open, in light of the error of endorsement. It makes a difference what individuals consider me. Doing this activity has instructed me that there are various types of feelings. Essential feelings are feelings that are hard wired into individuals, and auxiliary feelings make up essential feelings. I figured out how to investigate what feeling I am feeling. I don’t think I have ever done that deliberately previously. It made me truly consider my responses, what’s occurring in my body, and how I am feeling. I took in the valence of feeling. One feeling that you would for the most part believe is negative can be both positive and negative. Likewise, I took in the word false notion and how it identifies with feelings. Last, I took in the distinction among feeling and state of mind which I before I thought was something very similar.

Zara: It for Fast Fashion

Zara: IT for Fast Fashion Identification of issues: The contextual investigation, Zara: IT for Fast Fashion, centers around the retail mammoth, Inditex, and how its biggest retail chain, Zara, has been so effective with their plan of action of high style, item variety, minimal effort, speed, and adaptability. A few issues are distinguished for this situation study. One glaring issue that is evident identifies with the way that a drawn out Information Technology (IT) procedure doesn't exist. There is no conventional framework set up to arrangement and foresee for their future needs, including operational and capital expenses.Another issue comprises of the retailer not having a brought together dispersion framework set up, their stores don't share stock checks, and the supervisors don't have a framework set up to look into their stock adjusts in their stores or different stores, (they achieve this by soliciting the stores). Another noteworthy current issue identifies with the way that their present IT framework is impractical, as the hardware is outdated and unsupported by Microsoft. Their IT framework isn't remote, their screens are little, they are utilizing pointers, which can be awkward, and more established innovation, for example, floppy plates and modems.The last issue includes an absence of shared information on the present framework set up; one individual is depended upon and depended for information on the frameworks usefulness. Being so dependant upon one individual places the entire framework in danger. Significance of the key issue: The key issue for this situation study includes whether Inditex should update the retailer’s data innovation framework and capacities or whether they should keep utilizing their present framework. The issue that Zara faces presently is that their present framework, P-O-S (Point of Sales terminals), runs on DOS, which Microsoft doesn't bolster any longer.Any equipment change in the POS terminal would not be good wit h their present POS programming. Without a redesign, they hazard that their present provider could no longer help them. Putting resources into IT foundation is inescapable as Microsoft DOS is out of date innovation and there is no assurance that their POS merchant will keep providing a similar terminal without changes to their equipment. Individual Digital Assistants (PDA’s) are as of now utilized in all Zara stores, POS terminals are not associated with Zara’s home office or with different stores. here is no framework set up to connect employees’ day by day deals, making workers duplicate this data onto a floppy plate. Zara’s achievement and fundamental business methodology is needy upon their capacity to react rapidly to the requests of their clients. By updating their present framework, they could include usefulness and capacities that could resolve different issues they face, for example, sharing stock, and being capable at coordinating flexibly and r equest. They can easily meet their crucial keeping current with fashion.Without the foundation to help it, it is difficult to achieve, as they would not have the security controls, and back up frameworks set up. This issue is a higher priority than some other issue to determine, as Zara’s mission, achievement and future relies upon innovation unwavering quality and exactness. On the off chance that this issue isn't settled, it is difficult to address the entirety of different issues recognized previously. Key Stakeholders: There are various partners who are influenced by the key issue of whether they should redesign their IT Zara’s clients framework need the most popular trends in stock, in their size and shading, in a timey fashion.By having an updated, effective IT framework, Zara’s clients could encounter better stock controls to address their issues. This thus creates client unwaveringness which likens to a higher volume of deals. Another key partner is Zara ’s representatives. Representatives need professional stability. A very much characterized, overhauled, productive IT framework can aid deals volume, which transforms into benefit for the organization. Representatives additionally need to lessen their outstanding burden and excess. Their present framework doesn't exploit useful computerization and correspondence, which can build their work load.Another partner, Zara’s IT merchant, absolutely needs to keep up their business relationship with them, however may think that its hard to keep directing business with an organization who uses such an out of date, unsupported, powerless framework. Zara’s administrators are additionally significant partners in the choice to redesign. Their directors need the present POS framework to accomplish progressively, for example, look into stock adjusts in stores. This fundamental usefulness is deficient. They need to be in a situation to arrange evaluating and stay aware of their competitors.Zara’s investors are keen on keeping up the monetary achievement that Zara has encountered. They need a framework set up to guarantee that their present design requests are met, that a framework is set up to represent and share stock. They need to have the option to contribute astutely and advance themselves to remain new in the attire business. Another partner, Zara’s providers needs an utilitarian IT framework to give better lead time to requests and materials, and to have the option to impart in an opportune, consistent way. Reasons for the issue:There are numerous causes that add to the circumstance that Zara faces right now. Having a crucial vision without having a vital arrangement to arrive is a contributing component. Having a decentralized dynamic framework set up can likewise be an underlying driver. Having hardware that is out of date quality is an aftereffect of the above elements. Not having staff and frameworks set up to viably anticipate the future, prompts out of date gear and manual, awkward, off base, forms. Different variables answerable for the absence of vital IT arranging at Zara incorporate their present plan of action and initiative complacency.Alternative arrangements: There are three elective arrangements. The first is buy the present POS terminals from their sellers so they can bolster their necessities on the off chance that the merchant changes their machine to new innovation, and keep working the manner in which they have been. The subsequent arrangement includes employ a counseling firm to survey their circumstance and lead a key budgetary investigation of their choices. The third answer for the key issue recognized is to continue in updating their present IT framework and add practical abilities to address the issues of their organization.Recommendations: I suggest the third arrangement, that Zara buy and actualizing another POS organizing framework. This proposal would make a vigorous framework that is increasingly receptive to Inditex’s flexibly chain organize. It additionally evacuates the danger of the framework getting out of date and non-good with the vendor’s machine overhaul. It diminishes their introduction for framework disappointments, assists with keeping up and improve proficiency of decentralization since data stream can be improved between stores, appropriation chains and vendors.The most significant part of Zara’s way to deal with data innovation incorporates the capacity to address the issues of their clients, regardless of whether that includes exactness, practicality, promoting, request, or correspondence. Their unique plan of action included connecting request to assembling, and connecting assembling to circulation, this includes a dependable, good IT framework. Redesigning the POS applications to incorporate extra usefulness, for example, organizing capacity, and the capacity to impart stock to different stores, just makes their company pr ogressively profitable and efficient.The utilization of bigger screens, and consoles, versus littler screens and pointers would likewise be useful to the representatives and clients. There are anyway traps to this proposal. Well beyond the undeniable capital cost of the gear and programming, executing the suggested arrangement in the present moment may require rebuilding the IT division to incorporate a Chief Information Officer (CIO). The CIO would likewise be capable to direct an extensive survey of current industry advancements and figure out which IT abilities and functionalities will best help the company’s vital mission.This individual would likewise be mindful to start a conventional IT planning process that is a piece of the more extensive capital spending plan, and make a proper procedure for choosing and organizing IT anticipates that incorporates both monetary and non-money related measurements (Porter, M, 2001). In the medium term, Zara may consider an outside gro up to start this IT change. It is sketchy if Zara right now has the opportunity and inner ability to impact the change. A re-appropriated proficient group may achieve this assignment, while permitting staff to concentrate on their everyday operations.Zara can broadly educate a couple of IT faculty to work intimately with the execution group, to guarantee a consistent change. A â€Å"train the trainer† might be useful. This may imply that they may need to enlist substitution faculty on a transitory premise. In the long haul Zara ought to build up a â€Å"long-term IT recharging plan† as suggested by Feld and Stoddard, 2004, to build up an arrangement to keep up and continue their new framework; this requires time, cash and ability. Consolidating the three standards in executing IT viably: A long termIT recharging plan connected to corporate methodology, a streamlined bringing together corporate innovation stage and an exceptionally useful, execution arranged IT associat ion would profit Zara (Feld and Stoddard, 2004). Staying aware of innovation permits Zara to concentrate on future style patterns, with compelling IT they will have the option to remain on top of things and keep their initiative. They will continue their plan of action dependent on short cutoff times, decline amounts, and refreshed styles and fashion.If Zara foresees opening up new stores later on, they would need to update their framework at any rate. On the off chance that t

Analyzing Netflixs Growth and Enrons Demise - Free Essay Example

Analyzing Netflixs Growth and Enrons Demise Using Scheins Organizational Theory When Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph founded Netflix in 1997, Blockbuster was humming along as the largest video rental company in the United States with a large physical footprint and excellent brand recognition. As a retailer at the time, qualities like these were generally indicative of a healthy business with a positive outlook. Blockbuster exploited their strong position in the video rental industry by stocking their stores with a sparse selection of films and charging onerous late fees among other things. Using a high-volume, low-price business model, Blockbuster was able to price other video rental stores out of the market and limit the number of competitors they had in the industry. Meanwhile, Netflix was struggling with how to make its grand idea of sending videos directly to customers work. Eventually they settled on sending DVDs to customers (a technology that had arrived in the U.S. only a year earlier) and using an innovative membership model. Initially this was perceived as a poor strategy as DVD players were prohibitively expensive and not many people would be able to afford them. This led to an opportunity for Blockbuster to buy Netflix for $50 million in 2000 when Netflix executives flew to Blockbuster headquarters in the midst of the tech bubble bursting, an event which resulted in Netflix struggling as a young company (Graser). Blockbuster ultimately declined Netflixs offer (according to Netflix officials present at the meeting, they were nearly laughed out of the office) to run its online service and in hindsight might have made one of the worst mistakes in business history. Instead Blockbuster opted to strike a deal with Enron to provide a video-o n-demand service using Enrons fiber optic cables (Graser). This deal fell apart in short order due to the acrimonious and distrusting nature of their relationship. Within the year Enron had filed for bankruptcy and several of the companys executives were scheduled to appear for congressional hearings meant to obtain information on the rampant fraud within Enron. In 2010 10 years after a fledgling Netflix had offered to collaborate with Blockbuster from a position of weakness Netflix was worth about $13 billion by market capitalization and Blockbuster was worth about $24 million and filing for bankruptcy (Graser). It is very tempting to attribute the upheaval of the video rental industry to the changing tides of the business and the role technology has played in these transitions. But looking just a little deeper suggests that something a lot more fundamental is the cause of this transition: one company was organized better (had a better culture) than the other and used the resourc es at its disposal more effectively to advance its plans. Technology might play a role, but doing something like ridiculing a competitor who flew in to meet with you says something about your company culture. Culture Edgar Schein summarized culture as a pattern of shared basic assumptions learned by a group as it solved its problems of external adaptation and internal integration, which, has worked well enough to be considered valid and, therefore, to be taught to new members (Schein, 1985) . Schein breaks this down in to three distinct levels for an organization: the organizations artifacts and behaviors, its espoused values, and the underlying assumptions shared by those within an organization. In 2004, Patty McCord, then Chief Talent Officer of Netflix, along with Reed Hastings, CEO of Netflix, wrote a PowerPoint deck that summarized the principles and values that underpinned Netflixs culture in its 12 year history. Since then, the deck has come to be known as the Netflix Culture Deck and has been shared more than 18 million times on the web. On the 6th slide of that deck, Enrons logo is at the top with the following text beneath it: Enron, whose leaders went to jail, and which went bankrupt f rom fraud, had these values displayed in their lobby: Integrity, Communication, Respect, Excellence. (These values were not, however, what was really valued at Enron) The irony in Enron, a company that ultimately folded due to rampant corruption and fraud, using the phrase ask why as its slogan has been pointed out repeatedly. The company chose this as its slogan because they were apparently interested in questioning conventional wisdom. There are dozens of points throughout Enrons existence in which questioning conventional wisdom likely wasnt the wise thing to do. The book/documentary Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room looks at the key players in the companys history and some of the decisions they made from the infancy of the company through its death. One of the first times Enron decided to question conventional wisdom was in 1987, about two years after the company was founded. It was revealed by employees of the company that there was a group of traders who had been stealing company funds and diverting them to offshore accounts. When Kenneth Lay, founder and then-CEO of Enron, was notified he decided not to fire the employees. The reason? Be cause they were making a lot of money for the company. In fact, instead of firing the traders Lay increased their trading limits (i.e. the amount of company funds they had access to). In this case, conventional wisdom dictates firing the employees who were caught stealing company funds, regardless of their contribution to the firms bottomline. Instead, Lay did a calculation and determined profits were paramount and that things like integrity were secondary (he only fired the employees after the board of directors found out about the incident. He feigned shock when they asked him about it)(Enron: The Smartest Guys). This calculation would eventually send Lay on his way to prison (he died of a heart attack 3 months before his sentencing hearing. He was found guilty on 10 counts of securities fraud) and would bring about the demise of the company he founded. Enrons problematic hiring and firing tendencies were a problem throughout its existence. This can partly be attributed to Jeffrey Skilling, then CEO/COO of Enron, who had a darwinian view of how the world worked, according to Bethany McLean, the Fortune reporter who co-wrote the book Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room. According to Peter Elkind, McLeans co-author, Skillings notion of how the world should work really trickled down and effected everything about how Enron did business. Its this kind of thinking that brought about Enrons notorious rank-and-yank system for evaluating employees performance. Basically this system had employees evaluate and rank each other every year and assign their coworkers a ranking between 1 and 5. At the end of the evaluating process roughly 15% of employees were to supposed be ranked a 1 and therefore slotted to be fired. There was no rhyme or reason as to why this was done other than to satisfy Skillings personal values and to perpetuate what he de scribed as an aggressive culture (Sims and Brinkmann). Enron praised risk taking and it came to be central to their corporate strategy. While many of these risks were taken on disappointing and unfruitful business ventures, the culture or risk was cultivated by top executives with their actions outside of work. For example, Skilling liked to take trips with other executives, and occasionally clients, to rough locales to do dangerous things. Allegedly on one of these trips were they went motorbiking in Mexico, one of those attending required stitches, while another broke bones, and yet another was nearly killed when his jeep flipped. These types of stories made their way back to Enron and played a large role in how employees conducted themselves (Enron: The Smartest Guys). The fact that employees were evaluated by their peers caused a great amount of distrust and paranoia among employees (Sims and Brinkmann). When discussing the culture at Enron, Charles Wickman, a former trader there, said, If Im on my way to my boss office talking about my compensation and stepping on someones throat doubles it, well, Ill stomp on the guys throat, you know, thats how people were (Enron: The Smartest Guys). The negative effects of the hyper-competitive environment that Enron employees were working in quickly superseded any perceived positive effects of such a system. The aforementioned values posted in Enrons lobby were incredibly difficult to adhere to in such an environment. Like Enron, Netflix has sought to instill a high performance culture in which they expect a lot out of their employees. However, the ways they went about doing this are vastly different. In Netflixs culture presentation, seven aspects of their culture are identified. Some of them are Values are what we value, High Performance, Freedom and Responsibility, and Pay Top of Market. The rest of the presentation specifies exactly how those seven aspects would be applied at Netflix. On the High Performance slides, McCord writes were a team, not a family. Were like a pro sports team. Netflix leaders hire, develop and cut smartly, so we have stars in every position. While most sport teams do cut players every year, they dont set a percentage of employees to be fired and they dont have players evaluate each other creating a very uncomfortable environment like at Enron. Most times when teams decide to cut a player, its based on the fact that their skillset or their impact on the teams chemistry is no longer needed. If team management is satisfied with the composition of the team, its morale, and its performance they wont cut players (barring injuries or compensation disputes). Along these lines, when Netflix deems one of their employees to no longer be of use, they fire them with a generous severance package. Enron fired employees using a voting-based ranking system whereas Netflix provided employees who were being fired with the specific reason for them being let go. For example, in an interview with NPR, McCord discussed the case of a product tester who was made redundant due to her role being automated and what she said to the employee: Youre thewhy do you think youre the last one herecause youre the best. Youre incredibly good at what you do. We just dont need you to do it anymore (Henn). Netflix also mitigated the role that firing employees plays by hiring, rewarding and tolerating only fully formed adults (McCord).In the Harvard Business Review McCord writes, If your e careful to hire people who will put the companys interests first, who understand and support the desire for a high-performance workplace, 97% of your employees will do the right thing. Most companies spend endless time and money writing and enforcing HR policies to deal with problems the other 3% might cause. Instead, we tried really hard to not hire those people, and we let them go if it turned out wed made a hiring mistake (McCord). On the Values are what we value slides, McCord lists behaviors and skills that Netflix finds particularly valuable and also that they hire and promote people who demonstrate these nine behaviors and skills. Some of the behaviors listed are communication (you listen well instead of reacting fast, so you can better understand and you treat people with respect independent of their status or disagreement with you), innovation (you challenge prevailing assumptions when warranted and suggest better approaches), courage (you questions actions inconsistent with our values), honesty (you are quick to admit mistakes), and selflessness (you make time to help your colleagues). Another slide explained why Netflix doesnt like brilliant jerks, or in other words smart, productive employees with an abrasive streak. This is in contrast to Jeff Skilling at Enron who once said, I like guys with spikes. I like guys with something extreme about them (Enron: The Smartest Guys). To crystallize the differences between Netflix and Enron, we can look at the circumstances behind the departure of two high-level executives: Patty McCord at Netflix and Lou Pai at Enron. Lou Pai was appointed CEO of Enron Energy Services (EES), a subsidiary of Enron that it intended to use to sell energy directly to consumers. Max Eberts, a former employee in Public Relations at EES, described Pai as a mysterious figure. Kind of like an invisible CEO (Enron: The Smartest Guys). This might be due to the fact that Pai spent significant amounts of time at strip clubs, both during and after work. According to Peter Elkind, He was [at the strip club] almost every night after work and sometimes he would bring traders along with him there were rumors that he brought strippers up to the trading floor. Aside from his questionable morals, EES lost hundreds of millions of dollars in the time Pai was CEO between 1997 and 2001 (losses that were hidden by fraudulent accounting practices). His tim e at Enron came to a mysterious end when he resigned for no apparent reason. There is a theory that this happened when his wife learned of his relationship with a stripper, leading to her wanting a divorce. In order to meet the terms of the divorce settlement, Pai needed a significant amount of cash and as result sold about $250 million in Enron stock. Instead of being fired or reprimanded for his questionable actions and the demonstrably poor performance of his divisions, Pai had the opportunity to resign and leave with $250 million dollars from the sale of stock with a high price, due largely to the fact that buyers of the stock werent privy to the companys fraud. Lou Pais departure from Enron doesnt remotely resemble Patty McCords departure from her post of 14 years at Netflix. Unlike Pai, McCords contributions† being instrumental to shaping the culture at Netflix among other thingswere hugely beneficial for her company and helped its progress. Per Netflixs system, McCord was rewarded for her contributions throughout tenure there (Pay Top of Market from the presentation went through how Netflix evaluated compensation every year and increased pay for the best employees), but when her talents were no longer required she was let go. According to Steve Henn at NPR, McCord was let go because she backed a disastrous plan to split Netflix into two companies one for DVDs and one for streaming. Customers would have to pay more, and many just hated it. Eight-hundred-thousand cancelled their subscriptions. To put it simply, McCord did her job poorly resulting in damage to the company and she was dealt with accordingly. So to summarize, at Enron, the absentee CEO whose divisions lost hundreds of millions of dollars over a four year period wasnt fired but instead was allowed to leave with hundreds of millions of dollars shortly before the company collapsed, and the executive at Netflix who fundamentally transformed how her company operated over a fourteen year span and aided in its significant growth was let go after backing a bad plan once. It doesnt take much more than that to see why one company failed miserably and the other one has been very successful. According to Edgar Schein, there are six culture embedding and reinforcing mechanisms that determine an organizations culture: (1) deliberate role modeling, teaching, and coaching; (2) how leaders recruit, select, promote, and excommunicate; (3) how leaders allocate rewards and status; (4) how leaders allocate resources; (5) how leaders react to critical incidents and organizational crises; (6) what leaders pay attention to, measure, and control on a regular basis. (Schein, 2010, as cited in Ganon M., et al). In my opinion, Enrons collapse can be attributed to poor use of these mechanisms resulting in a culture that severely hurt the company. For example, on the role modeling and teaching mechanism, Enrons C-suite wasnt exactly a paragon of moral behavior and caution. There are several instances that demonstrate this. The incident in which Enrons founder Kenneth Lay essentially rewarded the thieving traders in 1987, implying to other employees that unethical behavior is alright as lo ng as you dont get caught and you are making executives richer. There are also the questionable actions of Jeff Skilling with his dangerous trips and Lou Pai with his stripper obsession and basically absconding with $250 million. On recruitment and excommunication, [Enron CEO] Skilling perpetuated a focus on short-term transactional endeavors from the very beginning by hiring employees that embodied the beliefs that he was trying to instill: aggressiveness, greed, a will to win at all costs, and an appreciation for circumventing the rules (Sims and Brinkmann). Employees were fired using the rank-and-yank rating system which was ineffective and bred a counterproductively hyper-competitive workplace. On the allocation of resources and rewards, the company consistently gave resources and rewards to the worst actors in the company. The way to obtain resources and rewards in Enron was to be an aggressive fraud, as in the case of Andrew Fastow, the CFO that set up the fraudulent partnersh ips that hid Enrons losses and made him $30 million richer by skimming funds, or like all the other executives that partook in those activities. On reactions to crises, when Enron executives learned that the companys fraudulent activities would be exposed within a matter of months, they kept this information to themselves and began to secretly sell their stock. The employees who had their live savings invested in Enron stock, as Enron suggested they should do, were left with nothing when the companys stock price tanked (Enron: The Smartest Guys). Applying Scheins six mechanisms to Netflix provides a much different picture. According to the Promotion and Development slides of Netflixs culture presentation, they dont like the idea of mentors. Instead they like to surround employees with stunning colleagues and challenging work. For this, employees have the founders of the company to look to, especially Reed Hastings, and (for most of the companys history) executives like Patty McCord as teachers and role models. They built a company that has consistently driven innovation in the entertainment industry from being the first to ship DVDs, to developing a streaming platform which they shrewdly built by collaborating with major studios for programming, to then reducing their dependence on those studios by introducing their own programming. Also, the company doesnt tolerate behavior that takes away from the working environment. One can look to the firing of Chief Communications Officer Johnathan Friedland after he used a racial slur in a meeting to see an example of that (Sandberg and Goldberg). In addition to firing people that dont match their values, Netflix fires people if their contributions are no longer necessary or if they perform poorly, as in the case of the product tester who was fired due to her role being automated or when Patty McCord backed a plan that led to 800,000 subscription cancellations. The company gives it resources and rewards to the super productive superstars that best embody the seven aspects of their culture and consistently demonstrate the nine behaviors and skills listed in their culture presentation. And on reaction to crises, the company has consistently reacted in a manner consistent with their beliefs. For example when the company lost 800,000 subscribers due to a proposed plan, instead of flailing and hurting the company further they walked the plan back and fired the executives responsible for the plan in the first place.

Anabolic Steroid Miracle Drug Or Dangerous Way For Athletes

Anabolic Steroid: Miracle drug or Dangerous Way for Athletes to Cheat? Trevor Holmes May 1, 2015 Rock Port High School Abstract Anabolic steroids have been around since the 1950s. They are used in many ways, both medical and recreational. Steroids have negative side effects as well as positive benefits. Steroids users range from professional athletes to males with AIDS that suffer from muscle dystrophy. When forming an opinion on steroids, remember to listen to the facts and remember there are many uses for Anabolic steroids. Anabolic Steroids: Miracle Drug or Dangerous Way for Athletes to Cheat? Anabolic steroids have been around since around 1935. Ever since steroids were invented, there has been much controversy over them. The fact of the matter is that steroids can be harmful and even fatal, however often times they are not as harmful as people tend to think. If used correctly in the right doses they can also be extremely beneficial in many ways. Anabolic steroids have a wide range of uses, from medical to recreational, with many benefits and negative side effects. Before one learns about steroids and the history of them, one should know what was going on before the male sex hormone was discovered. One would be surprised to see all the things people used to do. Athletic doping has been around since the 1800s; however, athletes have gotten a lot better at it. Before there were steroids and blood doping and things likeShow MoreRelatedAre Steroids as Bad as We Think?1132 Words   |  5 PagesAre Steroi ds Bad? Anabolic steroids are one of the most thought about drugs when talking about gaining weight and muscle. Steroids have been around for years and athletes today continue to use these illegal performance enhancing drugs. But are they really that bad for you? Steroids not only have terrible side effects but they are also becoming more and more common around the world today with pro icons using them and the existence of them. People use steroids for many reasons whether it isRead MoreLong Term Dangers Of Steroid Abuse2099 Words   |  9 Pages Long Term Dangers of Steroid Abuse Anabolic Steroids are commonly viewed as a miracle drug in order to increase muscle growth and definition, but what most users of the drug don’t know are the life altering effects that prolonged use can cause. When the drug was released in the late 50’s by scientists working for the Soviet Union, they had no idea what the lasting effects were going to be. At first the drug seemed to be almost a miracle, it helped the Soviet weightlifting teamRead MorePsychological Effects of Using Anabolic Steroids Essay1240 Words   |  5 Pages Anabolic Steriods. What are they? Where do they come from? Why are they used? From amateurs to pros, from body builders to football players and every sport in between, Steriods, or quot;roidsquot; as they are referred to, have been in the circle of athletes since the 1950s. Is it vanity that drives athletes to use steriods? Do they understand the end results from the abuse of quot;roidsquot;? What psychological effects do steriods have on users?In order to understand the psychological effectsRead More Anabolic Steroids Use by Athletes: A Threat to Body and Mind2344 Words   |  10 Pagesfor. -- Ralph Waldo Emerson In the world of sports today, anabolic/androgenic steroid use is a vast problem. Since its’ introduction into Russian weightlifting, it has been expanding with no signs of stopping. It has spread into every major sport, with usage by every age and race. The use continues to grow, even with a lengthy list of serious health, legal, and ethical concerns. Because of our societys adoration of muscle, athletes put their athletic goals higher on their priority list than theirRead MoreAnabolic Drug Use Among Athletes1668 Words   |  7 PagesAthletes that use this drug typically take it with testosterone to help side effects such as a loss of sex drive, depression, and moodiness. The Sixth steroid is called Oxymetholone, also known as Anadrol. This drug comes in a tablet form. Anadrol improves red blood cell production and increases the amount of hemoglobin that helps to treat anemia. Although the FDA approves Anadrol, this drug still has serious side effects. These include breast ca ncer in males and females and reabsorption of the boneRead MoreThe Development of Anabolic Steroids in Sports Essay2058 Words   |  9 Pagesthe Soviets dominance in the olympics in the 60’s. From then on the evolution of performance enhancing drugs expanded exponentially and in turn the use increased dramatically. Other athletes began to follow in the Soviet Union’s steps by implementing performance enhancing drugs into their training regimen in order to compete with the soviets. In 1972 the olympic community first implemented drug testing to check for higher testosterone levels to try and combat the use of PED’s. In turn that led toRead MoreEssay Steroids2867 Words   |  12 Pagesfixes to their problem. Many people see Steroids as an answer to their problems. Steroids can make you more fit for athletic competition and make the body more muscular which is considered appealing. Many people turn to steroids because they think it will give them solutions to t he problems they have with society. Many people also fail to see that there are natural ways to enhance athleticism and muscle size that are legal and do not threaten good health. Steroids may seem practical in the short termRead MoreThe War On Drugs And Its Effects On American Soil1608 Words   |  7 PagesIt goes without saying that the influx of drugs in America has resulted in legislative actions to halt the consumption, possession, and sales of most drugs. The extent to these measures are better known as â€Å"The War on Drugs;† a term coined in June of 1971 by former President Richard Nixon. The war on drugs is indeed a war; it induces biased, civil attacks on minority groups in America, executed by law enforcement officials through criminal racism. In the course of my paper, I will explain the factsRead More The Miracle Cure or Nightmare Drug? Essay3213 Words   |  13 PagesThe Miracle Cure or Nightmare Drug? I. Introduction It is pretty safe to say that the majority of the population, if given the opportunity, would like to be in good physical shape. For men it’s the perfect â€Å"V† shape, with muscles so finely sculpted, Michelangelo himself would be hard-pressed to mold a finer figure out of clay. For women, the desired look is the â€Å"hour glass† figure, with voluptuous breasts, thin and firm abs, and sharply defined legs. Of all those who desire to have

Literary Analysis Of The Sun Also Rises - 1355 Words

The Great War of 1914-1918 had numerous consequences: millions of people died and the world was permanently altered. One of the most significant results of World War 1 was the formation of a â€Å"lost generation.† This term, first coined by author Gertrude Stein in conversation, refers to the young post-World War 1 men who were emotionally damaged by the horrors experienced during combat and as a result aimlessly wandered through life with a depressed attitude toward the world (â€Å"The â€Å"Lost Generation† 1). Author Ernest Hemingway, who was himself a member of the Lost Generation, perfectly encaptured the post-war lifestyle of a WW1 veteran in his novel, The Sun Also Rises. The story is narrated by Jake Barnes, a newspaper writer living in Paris,†¦show more content†¦Barnes’ use of alcohol began during the war, while trying to escape the stress of the unknown threats, and continued after the war’s conclusion. By drinking, Barnes is able to forget his melancholy post-war attitude towards the world. The dependence on alcohol is a side-effect of the mental damage Barnes sustained from the war. Drinking is also how Barnes’ friend Campbell copes with his outlook on the world after the war. After discussing his fiancee, Brett, and her relationship with a bullfighter, Campbell, also a WW1 veteran, exclaims, â€Å"‘I think I’ll stay rather drunk. This is all awfully amusing, but it’s not too pleasant. It’s not too pleasant for me’† (Hemingway 205). In order to deal with the stress of having his fiancee in a relationship with a bullfighter, Campbell decides to drink. He prefers to remain in a state of intoxication because it keeps him from thinking about his relationship issues with Brett and his other problems with the world by giving him a sweet escape. Hemingway’s use of the drinking motif, especially shown through Barnes and Campbell, demonstrates how the psychologica l and emotional damage of the war has caused the Lost Generation to become dependent on alcohol in order to cope with their depressed attitude toward the world. In addition to the drinking motif, Hemingway’s writing style conveys the theme of negative views towards the world created from the emotional suffering of World War 1. ThroughoutShow MoreRelated Ernest Hemingway Essay868 Words   |  4 Pages Ernest Hemingway: A Literary Marvel â€Å"One generation passeth away, and another generation cometh; but the earth abideth forever . . . The sun also ariseth, and the sun goeth down, and hasteth to the place where he arose . . . The wind goeth toward the south, and turneth about unto the north; it whirleth about continually, and the wind returneth again according to his circuits . . . .All the rivers run into the sea; ye the sea is not full; unto the place from whence the rivers come, thither they returnRead MoreThe Great Gatsby Compared to The Sun Also Rises793 Words   |  3 Pagesmoney. As we know, people of the ‘lost generation’ were not the happiest and had quite careless lifestyles. In this novel, even though characters are not poor, still, the only meaning of life they have left is wild and free lifestyle and love. Author also did not leave out the meaningless relationships to the society and conventions. One of the main characters, Jay Gatsby, a mysterious, wealthy man living in luxurious mansion in Long Island, throwing parties almost every weekend for people he doesn’tRead MoreErnest Hemmingway: Shifting Gender Roles in The Sun Also Rises782 Words   |  3 Pagesatrocious nature of war as a Red Cross ambulance driver in the Europe during World War I aided and further influenced his literary capturing of warfare and how it had affected the â€Å"Lost Generation†. Hemingway himself popularized this term, it indicates the coming of age generation during World War I. Ashley Torres, author of â€Å"Gender Roles Shift in Ernest Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises† claims that the â€Å"Lost Generation† mirrors the disenchanted and hopeless attitudes generated by the war. Although theRead MoreWriting Styles Of Ernest Faulkner And The Sun Also Rises By Earnest Hemingway And As I Lay Dying1528 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent events and characters into play. T his is particularly true with the authors William Faulkner and Earnest Hemingway. Their writing styles are exponentially different, but both authors use their differing styles to their advantage. In both The Sun Also Rises by Earnest Hemingway and As I Lay Dying by William Faulkner, characters face issues such as feeling alienated and lost. The characters in As I Lay Dying deal with their issues through more complex thoughts and irrational actions, which is illustratedRead More Hemingway and Fitzgerald Essay1423 Words   |  6 PagesHemingway and Fitzgerald Ernest Hemingway and F. Scott Fitzgerald, the parties of one of the most famously infamous relationships in literary history met for the first time in late April 1925 at The Dingo Bar, a Paris hangout for the bohemian set. In his novel A Moveable Feast (published posthumously) Hemingway describes his first impressions of Fitzgerald: â€Å"The first time I ever met Scott Fitzgerald a very strange thing happened. Many strange things happened with Scott, but thisRead MoreThe Dependence On Futility : An Analysis Of Brett Ashley1004 Words   |  5 PagesShivani Kapur Mrs. Moore AP English V 18 December 2014 The Dependence on Futility: An Analysis of Brett Ashley In The Sun Also Rises, Ernest Hemingway employs metafiction to reveal the nature of World War One and its effect on individual ideals. Narrating the novel from the first person perspective of the protagonist, Jake Barnes, Hemingway clearly contrasts between fiction and reality. Although the reader has a limited perspective on the events in the novel, the lack of emotional connection betweenRead MoreAnalysis of the poem Still I Rise1268 Words   |  6 Pages2014 An Analysis of the poem Still I Rise by Maya Angelou African Americans have been oppressed for centuries. Despite this discrimination, people of this race have fought hard for their freedom and respect. This pursuit of equality is evident inMaya Angelou’s poem, â€Å"Still I Rise†. Angelou integrates numerous literary ideas such as various sounds, poetry forms, and key concepts.The poetic devices incorporated in Maya Angelou’s work, â€Å"Still I Rise†,heightens theRead MoreI Have A Dream Rhetorical Analysis1346 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"I Have a Dream† Rhetorical Analysis The speech â€Å"I Have A Dream† was voiced by activist Martin Luther King Junior on the Lincoln Memorial during an era in which blacks suffered prejudice in America, a place in which whites could enjoy the land’s opportunities and freedoms but blacks could not. Martin Luther King’s speech was intended to express his present and future aspirations towards the upheaval concerning the inequality and racial injustice that the nation was experiencing however, lackingRead MoreLoving Un Truth, and Fain in Verse My Love to Show1407 Words   |  6 PagesLoving un truth,and fain in verse My love to Show Philip Sidney Analysis 1: Like other creative persons of the period, Sidney also came under the influence of sonneteering. Thus a series of sonnets addressed to a single lady, expressing and reflecting on the developing relationship between the poet and his love grew up. Though the story does not have to be literal autobiography and questions of ‘sincerity’ are hardly answered, Sidney’s love for Stella, on the artistic level, has been traced toRead MorePoem Analysis On His Coy Mistress By Andrew Marvell1319 Words   |  6 Pagesdoom of death, and hopes to transcend contemporary abilities to live forever in the love of another. While Marvell’s primary purpose in writing this piece may have been to woo a young maiden, he made a far more significant contribution to the era’s literary culture in the process. Marvell most directly addressed â€Å"To His Coy Mistress† to a woman he intended to court, as he spends a majority of the piece lamenting that he didn t have time sufficient to praise her features. In the opening stanza, Marvell

Whistleblowers and the False Claims Act 2012

Question: Describe about the Whistleblowers and the False Claims Act 2012 ? Answer: Key characteristics of whistleblower The whistleblowers are the range of employees present internally and externally in the organisation who takes the responsibility of reporting any misconduct of the supervisors to the other related parties. The number of whistleblowers is decreasing in the public sector organisations. Hence to increase the instances of whistleblowing and reduce the instances of fraudulent activities, the SEC has introduced the award payout system for the whistleblowers within the public sector (Welsh Bayliss, 2012). As per the reports of The Guardian, last year in April 2014, a heart specialist doctor serving at the Walsgrave Hospital in Coventry and a member of the NHS Trust, publicly aired his concerns about the lack of care and rising number of patient deaths in the hospitals. The Whistleblowing doctor expressed his concerns about the lack of post-operative care in NHS and Walsgrave and the concern over the patient safety and overcrowding of patient beds leading to death caused by congestion and breathing problems. As a result, of the Whistleblowing, the doctor was dismissed from NHS trust and hospital services (Campbell, 2014). However, as an effect of the whistleblowing, the Commission for Health Improvement and the NHS trust evaluated the existing operations in the hospitals and were bound to support the actions of the doctor. The allegations and dismissal of the hospital authorities against the doctor cost the hospital 6 million of the public fund (Meese, 2012). Justification of whistle blowing The analysis of the above case shows that the whistleblower was completely justified in his approach of highlighting the issues prevailing within the hospital premises. In the recent case of the reporting by the whistleblowing doctors, the hospital faced the death of two patients due to the lack of post-operative care and congestions of beds leading to inappropriate health conditions. In this case, the doctor was rightful in his approach to notifying the concerns publicly. As per the Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act 2005, all hospitals should adopt care and maintain quality services in their conduct of treating the patients within the hospital premises. Kestenbaum, (2012) stated that whistleblowing is important in case of healthcare organisations because, the lack of whistleblowing within the healthcare will result in increased level of corruption that will finally result in the reduction of the dignity and health of the patients in the healthcare organisation. Thus, protec ting the patients from harm and ensuring the dignity of the care, an open and transparent culture should be maintained within the healthcare organisations. Protection under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which is commonly known as the Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act sets out the legislations for the employees of the public limited companies who provide evidence of fraud to the public about the organisation. Section 806 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act provides the legislations for the protection of the whistleblowers in the public limited companies. Section 1514A of the act further provides the legislations for the civil protection to the employees against their retaliations. The provisions of Section 1514A state that the publicly traded companies cannot dismiss suspend, harass, discharge or demote a whistleblower (Campbell, 2014). For being eligible under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002, the whistleblowers must fulfil the following conditions: The whistleblower should be an employee of a publicly traded company registered under the section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act 1934 The whistleblower must have complained about a senior employee within the organisation believing that a violation of any rule or regulation of the SEC has taken place (Lopez, 2013) The whistleblower can also complain about the grounds of any violation of federal and criminal provisions relating to banks, emails or wire fraud Sarbanes-Oxley Act specifies that whistleblower complaints should be legally made confidential and anonymous so that the company officials should not have any information about the employee who has complained about the supervisors and organisational policies. The incorporation of this legislation further helps the whistleblowers within the organisation to avoid any mistreatments from the employers. Further section 806 of the act states that if the whistleblower is mistreated within the organisation, then the employee may file a complaint with the Department of Labour within 90 days of the mistreatment. If the complaint of the employee against the mistreatment of the organisation becomes successful under the act, then the employee is entitled to receive monetary compensations, reinstatement and damage compensation from the management of the organisation. In the given case, a doctor is also entitled to receive monetary compensation from NHS trust funds for bullying and dismissing the d octor from his services (Azlin Farhat, 2012). References Azlin, K., Farhat, V. (2012).Whistleblowers and the False Claims Act 2012. New York, NY: Practising Law Institute. Campbell, D. (2014).Whistleblowing heart doctor who aired hospital safety fears wins tribunal case.the Guardian. Retrieved 28 July 2015, from https://www.theguardian.com/society/2014/apr/17/legal-victory-heart-doctor-whistleblower-hospital-safety-fears Kestenbaum, N. (2012).Internal investigations, 2012. New York, NY: Practising Law Institute. Lopez, I. (2013).Dog Whistle Politics. Oxford University Press, USA. Meese, T. (2012). Blowing the whistle.Dental Nursing,8(3), 125-125. doi:10.12968/denn.2012.8.3.125 Mutigwe, E. (2013).An Ubuntu/Hunhu Appraisal of the Ethics of Whistle blowing. Saarbrucken: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing. Welsh, P., Bayliss, S. (2012). Whistle-blowing explained: to be or not to be a whistle-blower, that is the question.The Veterinary Nurse,3(2), 122-126. doi:10.12968/vetn.2012.3.2.122

Nitrogen Essays - Industrial Gases, Nitrogen, Pnictogen,

Nitrogen Nitrogen, symbol N, gaseous element that makes up the largest portion of the earth's atmosphere. The atomic number of nitrogen is 7. Nitrogen is in group 15 (or Va) of the periodic table. Nitrogen was discovered by the British physician Daniel Rutherford in 1772 and recognized as an elemental gas by the French chemist, Antoine Laurent Lavoiser about 1776. Nitrogen is a colorless, odorless tasteless, nontoxic gas. It can be condensed into a colorless liquid, which can be compressed into a colorless, crystalline solid. Nitrogen exists in two natural forms, and four radioactive forms (artificial). Nitrogen melts at -210.01 degrees C, (-349.02 F), boils at -195.79 C (320.42 F), and has a density of 1.251 g/liter at 0 C (32 F) and 1 atmosphere pressure. The atomic weight of nitrogen is 14.007. Nitrogen is obtained from the atmosphere by passing air over heated copper of iron. The oxygen is removed from the air, leaving nitrogen mixed with inert gases. Pure nitrogen is obtained by fractional distillation of liquid air; because liquid nitrogen has a lower boiling point than liquid oxygen, the nitrogen distills of first an can be collected. Nitrogen compresses about 4/5ths by volume of the atmosphere. Nitrogen is inert and serves as a diluent for oxygen in burning and respiration processes. It is an important element in plant nutrition; certain bacteria in the soil convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form, such as nitrate, that can be absorbed by plants, a process called nitrogen fixation. Nitrogen in the form of protein is an important constituent of animal tissue. The element occurs in the combined state in minerals, of which saltpeter (KNO ) and Chile saltpeter (NaNO ) are commercially important products. Nitrogen combines with other elements only at very high temperatures of pressures. It is converted to an active form by passing through an electronic discharge at low pressure. The nitrogen so produced is very active, combining with alkali metals to form azides; with the vapor of zinc, mercury cadmium, and arsenic to form nitrides; and with many hydrocarbons to form hydrocyanic acid and cyanides, also known as nitriles. Activated nitrogen returns to ordinary nitrogen in about one minute. In the combined state nitrogen takes part in many reactions; it forms so many compounds that a systematic scheme of compounds containing nitrogen in place of oxygen was created by the American chemist Edward Franklin. In compounds nitrogen exists in all the valence states between -3 and +5. Ammonia, hydrazine, and hydroxylamine represent compounds in which the valence of nitrogen is -3, -2, and -1, respectively. Oxides of nitrogen represent nitrogen in all the positive valence states. Most of the nitrogen used in the chemical industry is obtained by the fractional distillation of liquid air. It is then used to synthesize ammonia. From ammonia produced in this manner, a wide variety of important chemical products are prepared, including fertilizers, nitric acid, urea, hydrazine, and amines. In addition, an ammonia compound is used in the preparation of nitrous oxide (N 0) a colorless gas popularly known as laughing gas. Mixed with oxygen, nitrous oxide is used as an anesthetic for some types of surgery. Used as a coolant, liquid nitrogen has found widespread application in the field of cryogenics. With the recent advent of ceramic materials that become superconductive at the boiling point of nitrogen, the use of nitrogen as a coolant is increasing. In conclusion, it seems as if Nitrogen is very helpful in the modern world. It is used in dentists office's to using it for industrial applications. Without this element the world would be a little different in some fields.

Meniscus Definition and Examples (Science)

Meniscus Definition and Examples (Science) A meniscus is a phase boundary that has been curved because of  surface tension.  In the case of water and most  liquids, the meniscus is concave. Mercury produces a convex meniscus. Meniscus in Chemistry A concave meniscus forms when the liquid molecules are more attracted to the container via adhesion than to each other via cohesion. A convex meniscus occurs when the liquid particles are more attracted to each other than to the walls of the container. Measure the meniscus at eye level from the center of the meniscus. For a concave meniscus, this it the lowest point or bottom of the meniscus. For a convex meniscus, this is the uppermost or top point of the liquid. A meniscus is seen between the air and water in a glass of water. The water is seen to curve up the edge of the glass. Meniscus in Physics In physics, the term meniscus can either apply to the boundary between a liquid and its container or to a type of lens used in optics. A meniscus lens is a convex-concave lens in which one face curves outward, while the other face curves inward. The outward curve is greater than the inward curve, the lens acts as a magnifier and has a positive focal length. Meniscus in Anatomy In anatomy and medicine, a meniscus is a crescents in humans are found in the wrist, knee, temporomandibular, and sternoclavicular joints. In contrast, an articular disk is a structure that completely divides a joint cavity.

Occupy Wall Street - Moral & Economic Implications Research Paper

Occupy Wall Street - Moral & Economic Implications - Research Paper Example This is a movement, which came into existence in the year 2011. This movement was founded with the intention of bringing to light some of the issues, which face the modern-day human beings (Walsh, 2011). These are majorly economic conditions, which are exhibited in a society, which is largely capitalistic in nature (Boxer, 2011). It is perceived that the Occupy Wall Street Movement is one, which is of North American descent. However, this is not the case. This movement is one, which has gained popularity to an extent that its presence is now felt in close to 82 countries in the world (Townsend, et al , 2011). In the recent past, the income inequality has been seen to increase. This is majorly due to the experiences associated with stagnated economies and the unequal distribution of wealth. In this case, these impediments significantly undermine the developmental agendas, which some people in the society indeed have. In the 1990s up to the 2000s, there were significant economic inequa lities in the United States. However, these issues were rarely discussed or brought to the attention of policy makers (Gelder, 2011). This was until the inception of the Occupy Wall Street Movement. ... This is with the intention of alleviating the living conditions of some of the individuals in the country (Gitlin, 2012). This is especially in the case of the low-income earners. The movement also aims at bringing relief to those students who suffer from huge amounts of debts that are related to their student loans. These are some of the goals, which this movement aimed at achieving after its inception. There are various ethical considerations which come into perspective for the purpose of supporting the actions of the Occupy Wall Street movement. It is very important to examine each of these and see how they come into play in relation to the activities that are associated with the movement. The first ethical implication in this case is in relation to utilitarian ethics. In this type of ethics, it is highlighted that the best and most appropriate course of action is the one, which will bring happiness on the part of the individuals who are taking this particular course of action. In the application of this type of ethics, the true moral worth is the case of an action taken is prescribed by its outcome. The main focus is on the outcome which will come to be realized. However, there is significant debate with regards to the true consequences of the actions which people will take (Mannion, 2003). In its relation to the happenings associated with the Occupy Wall Street Movement, there is a semblance of happiness and self-gratification on realizing that some of the concerns that were aired out through the movement have come to hit the right ear. This is especially in relation to the case of increased rate of income inequality in the United States over the recent years (Valdes, 2011).

Communication Styles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Communication Styles - Essay Example There are racial, ethnical, linguistic barriers of all sorts present in a successful organization today; multi-cultural practices have enabled the addition of quality and diverse workforce in most of the organizations. In addition to this, there are also possibilities of a difference in the communicative capacities and styles between genders. There is authentic evidence to prove the differences in the communicative capacities of different genders. Thus for an effective business environment to have a constructive flow of communication, the management has to realize the differences and act to minimize them. Research shows that the share of female labor force is increasing in the labor pool; in 1990, the female civilian workforce in the United States of America was about 58%, compared to only 34% in 1950s (Paula, 1996). Researching about the different styles of interaction between males and females is of utmost importance; it determines the quality of communication within the organization. The objective of this essay is to identify the different mindsets and communicational tools and provide recommendations to reduce the gap between the identified differences. A number of factors influence the level of communication taking place in an organization; the corporate culture being of immense importance. For examples, the discrepancies in communication may relate to their personal capacities, or the general stereotyping implicitly followed in the industry. For effective communication in business environment and a steady flow of information, it is important to facilitate equal opportunities of communication in an organization. As more and more are adding to the workforce, facilitation in the form of seminars and trainings is now being introduced to reduce the gap of gender based communication. There is no doubt regarding the different mind sets of the male and the

Sample Persuasive Message Essay Example for Free

Sample Persuasive Message Essay Most people have ventured onto the world wide web. Some enter the online world to check email from family members far away. Other people enjoy the web to watch videos on YouTube of babies doing the weirdest thing. Some log online for social media websites that let them know what their friends, family and celebrities are doing that day. Most people who have ventured online have shopped on electronic retail sites like Amazon or Overstock. Electronic retailing has become a big part of who we are today. There are many sites that allow you to shop for everyday items, groceries, or furniture like Amazon, Overstock, Alice, or Newegg. You also have big box stores that have followed suit with e-commerce as they allow customers to purchase products online that can be shipped to their home or a local store. As new and existing retailers grow retailers are forced to stay competitive, retain current customers, find new customers, and keep fighting to be the best e-commerce retailer out there. According to Turban, King, McKay, Marshall, Lee and Viehland (2008) â€Å"one of the keys to building effective customer relationships is an understanding of customer behavior online† (p. 157). So for businesses to be active and competitive online they need to understand the general online behaviors of the customer to stay in business. In this paper I will be discussing three behaviors natural to e-tailing that assist e-commerce companies understand customer behaviors online. I will be discussing the type of communication used when each behavior occurs and explain how each type of communication enables e-commerce. Analyzing each behavior using the communication process will also be discussed ensuring to include descriptions of the purpose, sender, receiver, message, environment, technology, noise, and feedback in the communication process. Lastly, I will explore a sample persuasive message designed for a virtual audience. Behaviors in E-tailing I see myself as a savvy online customer. I have shopped for products for my home, family, and friends. I have shopped for services like insurance, dog sitting, or home maintenance. The internet has a vast number of websites that help me pick and choose the products and services that work best for me and the general population. When shopping online customers are looking at the type of product or service (is it safe, recommended, green, easy to use, etc. ), how can they go about purchasing the product or service, and the reason customers choose one company over the other. Finding the Right Product or Service If you are shopping online you probably have a clear idea of what kind of product or service you are looking for. If a customer is looking for a camera that is user friendly, can take pictures during important moments in their life, can take pictures in a flash, and is pocket sized they can essentially look on numerous websites. Best Buy, Target, Amazon, Newegg, the options are endless. With all the options finding the right camera could be difficult. Turban et al. (2008) explains that the product search is influenced by independent variables (p. 158-159). Independent variables include personal characteristics and environmental variables. When searching for the right camera your personal characteristics – age, gender, education, lifestyle, values, personality, etc. – weigh in on finding the right camera. Environmental variables like a customer’s social influence and culture help to narrow down which camera the customer would likely purchase (Turban et al. , 2008, p. 158-159). Who a customer is and who they socialize with is not the only thing that influences them in purchasing a camera. In order for customers to know a little about a camera the manufacturer or retailer needs to be able to get the camera out there and communicate to the customers of the perks of the camera. Like regular retailers, e-tailers use internet based advertisements on their website as well as sponsorship websites (i. e. Yahoo, Google, Bing) to advertise the product. When using sponsorship websites e-tailers are driving sales by driving customers toward that specific camera. As e-tailers advertise the camera they are using the communication process. The customer – or the sender – initiates the start of the communication process as he or she searches online for right camera. The customer finds an ad online (message) that matches their WINs (Wants, Interests, and Needs) of the product. The advertisement helps to â€Å"comprises the target audience of a message transmitted by the sender† (p. 10) which according to Roebuck (2006) stands as the receiver in the communication process. The advertisement links the customer with the e-tailer which allows the e-tailer to provider further information and reviews for the camera. Purchasing product or service Once you find the right camera you go into the purchasing behavior. Turban et al. (2008) states â€Å"the two most-cited reasons for not making purchases are shipping charges (51 percent) and the difficulty in judging the quality of the product (44 percent) (p. 59). If the customer finds the perfect camera and it is available at Sony. com for $299 with a $19. 95 shipping charge and BestBuy. com for $307 with free shipping the customer would most times go through BestBuy. com because of the cost savings. Quality of a product is important. E-tailers who offer a â€Å"chat now† option that allows customers to ask experts questions on the quality and durability is a positive step towards purchase. E-tailers who have reviews of the product also assist customers in understanding the general consensus of the product. Customers also weigh in on how secure the online payment is prior to purchasing a product. Customers are weary about unsecure online payments due to the coming age of hacking and identity theft. Having a certificate of security online gives the customer added security to make the purchase. The â€Å"Chat Now† option and a valid certificate showing a secure site for payment are forms of communication in the purchasing process. During this e-tailing behavior the e-tailer becomes the sender as it provides the customer (receiver) with how to purchase the product and general customer service. By providing superior medium in customer service the e-tailer and customer build a relationship that heads toward loyalty. Company â€Å"The internet customer is very hard to predict and is different from the normal customer† (Prasad amp; Aryasri, 2009, p. 73) because of this the e-tailer’s online store must appeal to the buyer and find ways to encourage the customer to purchase the product with them instead of a similar product elsewhere. When the e-tailer paved the path towards customer loyalty during the purchase process they opened the door to complete e-loyalty. Turban et al. 2008) advised that â€Å"customer acquisition and retention is a critical success factor in e-tailing† (p. 167). Providing a customer with loyalty programs, promotional emails, and discounts allows the customer to feel valued. Retaining customer information (name, address, credit card information) also assists in building customer loyalty as it makes for easier check out. Using the communication process, the sender is the e-tailer. The e-tailer can email or mail information regarding loyalty programs, promotional emails, and discounts to the customer who is the receiver. Providing such information makes the customer feel valued and willing to return to the e-tail website. Sample Persuasive Messages A persuasive message helps to influence people in making a certain decision or action. Using the same camera sample we used in e-tailing behaviors we could create a persuasive camera message that helps to influence people to want to purchase the camera. Finding the right persuasive message for a camera boils down to understanding a customer’s WINs. Wants. Interests. Needs. The customer wants to purchase a camera that is user friendly because they do not use the camera for anything but recreation. The customer is interested in a camera that can take pictures during important moments in their life like graduations, 1st birthdays, and family functions. The customer needs a camera that can take pictures in a flash and is pocket sized so they can take it out in a whim and put it back without fuss. Using this customer’s WINs a persuasive message aimed for the virtual audience can easily be made: Aim amp; snap precision for all of your unforgettable moments. A message does not have to be long with so much information. Instead, it can be short but still reach the audiences WINs. Using persuasive messages allows e-tailers to acquire new business and persuade current customers in upgrading their current equipment. Conclusion E-tailers have to understand each customer to ensure that traffic goes in and out of their virtual store. Understanding the product and service search of a consumer, understanding what affects the customer’s purchasing decision, and creating a loyal customer base helps strengthen those traffic numbers. Using the communication process I was able to define how each behavior occurs and what type of communication was used to address each behavior. Creating a persuasive message that was short but covered the customer’s WINs demonstrated how a simple message can generate e-commerce.

Modernism vs Neo-Traditionalism Essay -- essays research papers

Modernism vs Neo-Traditionalism: A debate on the merits and failures of two major competing paradigms in architecture and urban planning.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Beyond the term modernism underlies one of the greatest ideas in architectural development. Modernism was meant to provide more green areas, cheaper housing and more efficient use of space. This was to be accomplished by creating vertically dense spaces with the use of the new inventions of the nineteenth century, such as steel, glass, electricity and elevators. By decreasing costs of building, modernists hoped to provide cheaper housing, affordable to almost anybody. The modernist movement was also promising to meet the growing demand for office spaces, hence the motto â€Å"form follows function† . Today, the inhabitants of every large city are able to see products of modernist influence. Its opposite, neo-traditionalism, is admired for its beauty and variety. â€Å"Small City U.S.A.† is an extremely popular concept among today’s citizens, looking to escape the ordinary, colorless office buildings. Boring and redundant, is modernism today wh at it was conceptualized to be? Its ideas shape today’s housing, from housing projects to single homes that have neo-traditional skin. Modernist concepts are of incredible importance and necessity; however, they were misunderstood in application.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Modernism was a response to the rise of industrial manufacturing as man’s chief economic activity.† Modernism fulfilled the growing demand for office space. It made use of such inventions as steel, glass, concrete and elevators. Steel and concrete allowed building to go to whole new heights. Glass and electricity provided lighting, thus making the workday longer. Elevators made the office buildings possible by carrying its inhabitants to any floor in the building. These materials also solved the problem of fireproofing and were definitely less costly than the materials used for traditional buildings. At the same time, modernist buildings became uniform: built from the same materials, modular, colorless with the same components, flat roofs and lack of ornamentation. Kunstler argued that such buildings have seized to have any meaning that they destroy social arrangements and do not consider natural resources. He blamed modernism for ruining the c ities with corporate gigantism, failing to creat... ... supposed to provide for both.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  People who despise modernism, probably do not know what it is supposed to be. Post-modernism seems to be more or less of an answer. It finally lets modernist buildings nurture creativity. Post-modernist buildings vary in shape, size and color, thus making them more appealing to the eye and less redundant. It seems that the costs of such innovations would still be less than those of traditional buildings.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I believe that our society needs post-modernism. People long for trees and parks and waterfronts, as well as for buildings that one can look at and think, â€Å"Oh, G-d, that is beautiful.† We need this no less than we need office buildings. Modernism and post-modernism are deemed to be different, and they are in the sense that post-modernism is exactly what modernism was supposed to be, may be with a bit more variety. In many instances, post-modernist buildings are even more attractive than neo-traditional. So, maybe one day when all modernist ideals are realized, a person will come out of the new Federal Plaza and for a hundredth time think, â€Å"This is the most relaxing landscape I’ve ever seen.

Argyle & Tuckman’s Theories of Communication

This assignment will discuss two well known theories of effective communication. Firstly it will look at Michael Argyle (1972), the cycle of communication and then it will discuss Bruce Tuckman (1965) stages of communication. Michael Argyle (1972) looks at the cycle of communication which involves six stages this is about sending receiving and the decoding of messages between individual and also groups. 1.An ideas occurs – when one has thought of an idea that they want to express with another person/s2.Message coded – when the idea has been thought through, there is a thought process of how this idea is going to then be communicated. There is a thought as to how this message is going to express it, as it could be through language, writing, sign or symbols or whatever it may be.3.Message sent – articulate the message, may it be verbal, written, sign or use what would be most appropriate in order to communicate effectively.4.Message received – when the messa ge has been heard or seen, depending on how the message was sent in the first place.5.Message decoded – this is where the person who had received the message is starting to make sense of the message. As one tries to decode the message is received is at this point where they can miss interpret the message.6.Message understood – providing that all goes well the initial idea is then understood but sometimes this doesn’t always happen. Once there is understanding thenBruce Tuckman’s (1965), stages of communication looks at how a group of people have to develop their behaviour in order to become an effective group, all to reach a common goal. His sequential theory has four stages of communication. 1.Forming – has been considered to be the introduction stage, where it is not clear to the group what their purpose is. At the same time they put one another under scrutiny as they are not too familiar with each other, so there in not much in the way of trust either. So as a result of this some may not be happy with the idea. Some may be feeling frustrated where as others may just have some issues about working with  particular people. There could be a lack of values and some prejudices may possibly be expressed initially to some members of the group.2.Storming – when putting certain characters together that usually don’t work with one another, it at this stage where the competition is rife as there is a power struggle within the group as some may try to change the team’s mission. This could result in arguments about how the group is going work and what roles each member will be having. Eventually the team itself could splint. As a result of putting different people together, the group begins to form relationships with each other and can sometimes for smaller group. This causes the lack of motivation, anxiety and frustration resulting in the groups failure to complete the mission.3.Norming – during this stag e the trust and respect is developing amongst the members of the group, since it becomes clear that each member has a role and they are aware of what their role will be. As a result of them coming together with a common goal they all have a shared expectation of each other, which is known as norm. They have fully established norm, a set of common beliefs and values. Individuals become more motivated and commitment is demonstrated with each member of the group, whilst the team is being creative. The group now have a fully defined purpose and so success begins to flow within the group.4.Performing – the group now demonstrates that actually they are able to perform the task effectively as members feel comfortable, at ease and have a sense of belonging to the group as a whole. There is a high sense of morale as the group experience high levels of trust, pride and support from each other and so now this group begin to feel that their performance has been of better-quality.More oft en than not I believe that the patterns of behaviour do actually arise in some individuals. There are those that are more extreme than others, whereas some are less extreme but none the less this does not suggest that people cannot work well together. According to Tuckman’s theory these stages can be very effective in breaking down the barriers of  communication within a group of individuals that have a common goal. With Argyle’s theory it is agreed that this very process does actually taken place when communication but at the same time it could easily breakdown when the message has been misunderstood of misheard.

Strangers On The Land Of Paradise By Lillian S. Williams

Strangers in the Land of Paradise by Lillian S. Williams explores the settlement of African Americans in Buffalo in the time of the Great Migration. In this book, Williams discusses the process in which migrants from the South made their own black communities in Buffalo while bringing their beliefs and traditions with them, and having those beliefs evolve over time in a new setting. Her work sheds light on the experiences of blacks in Buffalo during a time where many changes were occurring; the Civil War had just ended and the Industrial Revolution was underway. She also speaks on how Buffalo was unique in that it became the final point for those escaping the racism and violence in the South, since it was the last point before crossing into Canada. In her own words, â€Å"the book examines the growth and development of Buffalo, the movement of European immigrants and African American migrants into the city, and their ability to secure an economic foothold. It tests the extent to whi ch family and friendship networks for blacks were a significant force in their migration and acculturation. It also describes the establishment of institutions that African Americans created to shape their modern, urban community (p. xiv). Strangers is divided into two main sections, Part One and Part Two. Part One is subdivided into four sections entitled 1. The Early Years, 2. Growing Up Black, 3. To Help See One Another Through, 4. Work. This is a very effective way to organize a book on this topicShow MoreRelatedStrategic Human Resource Management View.Pdf Uploaded Successfully133347 Words   |  534 PagesPrentice-Hall, Inc. A Pearson Education Company Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 Compilation Copyright  © 2003 by Pearson Custom Publishing All rights reserved. This copyright covers material written expressly for this volume by the editor/s as well as the compilation itself. It does not cover the individual selections herein that first appeared elsewhere. ii Permission to reprint these has been obtained by Pearson Custom Publishing for this edition only. Further reproduction by anyRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesmanaging, organizing and reflecting on both formal and informal structures, and in this respect you will find this book timely, interesting and valuable. Peter Holdt Christensen, Associate Professor, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark McAuley et al.’s book is thought-provoking, witty and highly relevant for understanding contemporary organizational dilemmas. The book engages in an imaginative way with a wealth of organizational concepts and theories as well as provides insightful examples from the